Incidence of Brain and Central Nervous System Cancer by County, New Mexico, 2017-2021
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Incidence of Brain and Central Nervous System Cancer by County, New Mexico, 2017-2021
Why Is This Important?
Cancers of the brain and central nervous system (CNS) account for 1.3% of new cancer cases and 3.1% of all cancer deaths in the U.S. This equates to 25,400 cases and 18,760 deaths. The five-year survival rate is 33.4%. Brain and spinal cancers are the second-most-common form of childhood cancer, accounting for 16% of cancer cases in children and adolescents. The causes of brain and CNS cancer are not well understood but appear to involve a combination of hereditary and environmental factors. Excess ionizing radiation exposure to the head is a known cause, although this accounts for very few cases.
Definition
Brain and Central Nervous System (CNS) cancer incidence refers to the number of persons newly diagnosed with brain and CNS cancers within a specified time period and age group. Measures include 1) age-adjusted brain and CNS incidence rates (adjusted by the direct method to the 2000 US standard population) and 2) age-adjusted incidence by race/ethnicity. All rates are expressed per 100,000 persons.
Data Notes
Rates have been age-adjusted using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population.Data Sources
- New Mexico Population Estimates: University of New Mexico, Geospatial and Population Studies (GPS) Program.
(http://gps.unm.edu/) - New Mexico Tumor Registry
(https://nmtrweb.unm.edu/)
How the Measure is Calculated
Numerator:
The number of brain and CNS cancer cases newly diagnosed in New Mexico residents within a specified time period and age group. The data are based on the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program incidence site recodes for brain and CNS cancer: 31010 to 31040. http://seer.cancer.gov/siterecode/Denominator:
The estimated population of New Mexico residents within a specified time period and age group.
Data Issues
New Mexico Population Estimates
All population estimates apply to July 1 of the selected year. These estimates are considered the most accurate estimates for the state of New Mexico and should match those found on the University of New Mexico Geospatial and Population Studies website. Estimates include decimal fractions. Census tract population estimates were summed to produce County and Small Area population estimates. Population estimate totals may vary due to rounding. Population estimates for previous years are occasionally revised as new information becomes available. When publishing trend data, always be sure that your rates for earlier years match current rates on NM-IBIS that have been calculated with the most up-to-date population estimates.
New Mexico Tumor Registry
In agreement with the New Mexico Tumor Registry, to ensure confidentiality the count of cancer cases is suppressed for any given county if the count is between one and four and the population is less than 1,000. NOTE: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health services, leading to delays and reductions in cancer screening, diagnosis, and reporting to some central cancer registries. This may have contributed to an observed decline in 2020 incidence for most cancer sites.